About Alopecia
“Alopecia” means hair loss.
The causes of hair loss (alopecia) can vary greatly. It is usually classified into:
- Non-scarring alopecia, where the follicular opening remains intact in the hair loss area, leaving hope that the hair might regrow.
- Scarring alopecia, where the follicular openings are covered by scar tissue and the hair will never regrow in that area. However, timely consultation with a trichologist (hair specialist) can help limit or stop the process.
Alopecia is often considered a cosmetic issue, as it doesn't pose serious physical health consequences. However, its psychosocial effects can be quite severe and long-lasting. It can affect different aspects of a person’s life:
- Psychological impact:
Hair is a vital part of identity. Losing it can lead to:- Lower self-esteem
- Anxiety and depression
- Social withdrawal
People with alopecia may feel embarrassed or ashamed of their appearance, avoid public spaces and social situations, and fear judgmental looks or comments. This can strain relationships and reduce emotional intimacy with loved ones. In professional settings, individuals might face discrimination or assumptions about their health or competence.
- Impact on close relationships:
As alopecia cannot be fully cured, efforts to help a child or partner often lead to frustration and helplessness. Spouses or partners may struggle to accept the changed appearance, potentially causing tension in the relationship. - Impact on professional life:
Appearance often matters in the workplace. Hair loss can cause discomfort, especially in professions with high image demands. People with alopecia may:- Experience insensitive curiosity or discrimination
- Suffer reduced confidence and motivation
Some hide their condition with wigs or head coverings to feel safer. There are cases where individuals were not hired or promoted due to not matching the “ideal” appearance, despite their professional qualifications. This may lead them to seek remote work or jobs where appearance isn’t a major factor. Fortunately, some employers are understanding and foster an inclusive work environment.
People dealing with visible, life-quality-impacting conditions like alopecia often go through a psychological adaptation cycle, similar to the grief stages described by psychologist Elisabeth Kübler-Ross. These include:
- Denial
Initially, the person may deny the seriousness of the situation, thinking the hair loss is temporary or insignificant. This acts as a defense mechanism. - Anger
Questions like “Why me?” or “Why now?” arise. Anger may be directed at oneself, doctors, society, or even those unaffected by the condition. - Bargaining
The person looks for ways to “undo” the situation—trying treatments, diets, or praying for a second chance—hoping the condition will improve on its own. - Depression
Once it becomes clear that alopecia might be long-term or permanent, feelings of sadness and disappointment set in. This stage involves recognizing both physical (hair) and emotional (identity, self-worth) losses. - Acceptance
Over time, a person may reach internal acceptance—understanding that life continues and a new balance and positive self-image can be found, even without their previous appearance.
These stages don’t always occur linearly. A person might move back and forth between them, and everyone experiences the process differently based on personality, support systems, and life experiences.
Scientists do not fully understand the causes of alopecia, except in cases where it results from:
- Chemotherapy
- Treatment of other health conditions
- Mechanical damage to hair
There are currently no universally effective treatments or medications.
Alopecia is considered a health disorder, but:
- It is not accompanied by physical pain
- It does not limit physical capabilities
- Its progression does not pose a direct threat to life